How can I verify if a Chinese supplier is truly a manufacturer and not just a trading company?

To verify if a Chinese supplier is a genuine manufacturer rather than a trading company, follow these ​​evidence-based strategies​​ drawn from industry best practices and verification frameworks:

🔍 ​​1. Legal & Registration Checks​

  • ​Verify business scope​​: Use China’s official ​​National Enterprise Credit Information Publicity System​​ (www.gsxt.gov.cn) to check the company’s registration details. Genuine manufacturers will list “manufacturing” or specific production activities in their business scope, while traders show “trading” or “import-export”.
  • ​Check licenses​​: Manufacturers hold ​​production-related permits​​ (e.g., environmental compliance, factory safety licenses). Cross-check these with issuing authorities like local environmental bureaus.

🏭 ​​2. Production Capacity Verification​

  • ​Request real-time proof​​:
    • Ask for ​​live factory videos​​ via WeChat or Zoom, focusing on production lines, machinery, and workers. Refusal often indicates a trader.
    • Demand ​​production schedules​​ or ​​raw material purchase invoices​​ as evidence of active manufacturing.
  • ​Audit MOQ flexibility​​: Manufacturers typically enforce ​​high Minimum Order Quantities​​ (e.g., 1,000+ units). If a supplier accepts tiny orders (e.g., 100 units), they likely aggregate orders as a trader.

📋 ​​3. Technical & Operational Testing​

  • ​Ask detailed production questions​​:
    • “Can you explain your mold-making process for this product?”
    • “What is your daily output capacity for this item?”
      Manufacturers answer precisely; traders deflect or give vague responses.
  • ​Review certifications​​: Authentic factories hold ​​ISO 9001​​, ​​BSCI​​, or ​​industry-specific certifications​​ linked to production (e.g., welding standards for steel). Verify these via certification bodies’ databases.

🚩 ​​4. Behavioral Red Flags​

  • ​Observe communication​​:
    • Traders often use ​​generic email domains​​ (e.g., @gmail.com) instead of company-owned domains.
    • They avoid sharing ​​factory floor photos​​ or provide staged images.
  • ​Test responsiveness​​: Request a ​​minor customization​​ (e.g., packaging color change). Factories assess feasibility; traders promise immediately without technical queries.

📊 ​​5. Third-Party Verification Tools​

  • ​Use investigative platforms​​:
    • ​Tianyancha​​ or ​​Qichacha​​: Check for lawsuits, ownership structure, and registered capital. Low capital (<¥500,000) suggests trading operations.
    • ​Alibaba audits​​: While “Gold Suppliers” are verified, ​​cross-check with customs data​​ (e.g., ImportYeti) to confirm export volumes match claimed capacity.
  • ​Hire local inspectors​​: Agencies like ​BIGCHINA​ conduct ​​on-site visits​​ to verify machinery, inventory, and production workflows.